Steel Manufacturing Processes:

Oxygen Lance Method:

It was first used in Europe and then in USA. It uses a furnace similar to Bessemer. It is charged with premelted iron an scrap and water called pipe or lance is lowered into the melt. Pure oxygen is blown through the liquid metal under a pressure of about 150 lb/in. The oxygen burns out the carbon very rapidly. After the carbon is burned out, the lance is removed and proper amount so alloying elements and carbon is added to get the desired steel. The steel is then cast into ingots for further use. since air is not used in the oxygen lance converter, there is no nitrogen contamination in the steel as with the other processes.